Saturday, February 19, 2011

KIDS AND THEIR PASTIMES


Oxford defines hobby as an activity done regularly in one’s leisure time for pleasure. These are taken up for relaxation or enjoyment. It can also be a sideline area of interest for professionals.

Pastime is an activity, amusement, avocation, diversion, entertainment, fun, game, hobby, play, sport, recreation, relaxation, leisure activity or occupation.

Hobbies and leisure have the similar meanings, as per their definitions. Leisure or free time is a period of time spent out of work and essential domestic activity."Whereas, "A hobby is a spare-time recreational pursuit." "Recreation or fun is the expenditure of time in a manner designed for therapeutic refreshment of one's body or mind. While leisure is more likely a form of entertainment or rest, recreation is active for the participant but in a refreshing and diverting manner."

Hobbies are a good pastime, as we can utilize our leisure time by developing a hobby according to our interests. By learning about various hobbies, we can decide which hobby appeals to us the most. Whether we engage our self in a hobby or not, it is still fun to read about the hobbies, how people involve themselves in variety of leisure activities, hobbies or interests.

Benefits:

Hobbies play an important role in our lives. Often we adopt a hobby to pass our spare time and get pleasure. When we are busy doing our favourite job or chore, it gives peace to our mind and relaxing our mind effects our health.

Hobbies are a way to keep us busy, in a condition of happiness and job. Because hobbies are the tasks, we do for self satisfaction. We enjoy doing our hobbies. This may be boring for someone, but it gives us joy and satisfaction. Another factor is that when we are busy doing our favourite hobby, we can save our self from depression and anxiety, which are the gifts of modern age. We can be more energetic, creative and healthy when we keep ourselves busy with our favourite hobbies.

We enjoy most things more when we share them, hobbies offer a reason to stay connected to other people with similar interests.

Hobbies that require expertise are more satisfying. That's because developing an expertise in something like photography or astronomy requires commitment, and commitment results in a higher level of engagement. Of course, hobbies that involve physical fitness, such as walking and outdoor games provide a physical benefit as well.

Hobbies can be thought of on three levels. The first is as a diversion. Hobbies help us pass the time. The second is as a passion. When a hobby becomes a passion, we become truly engaged in doing something we love. It not only helps us pass time, it makes us unaware that time is passing. We get satisfaction from being creative and making something. The third level is as something that creates a sense of purpose. We all need that. The ideal hobby combines all three levels. The final feeling of accomplishment is the greatest confidence building mechanism for kids.

When we are really engaged in a hobby that we love, we lose our sense of time and enter what’s called a flow state. At this time, our level of concentration is high; we have sharp focus, clear thinking and enhanced creativity. These in turn helps us to put in peak performance. We also become positive and motivated. Our self esteem and confidence are also high.

Types:

In the past, hobbies were mostly reading, cooking and listening to music for those who loved being indoors and playing outdoors, swimming, arts and sports clubs, social groups, movies, traveling, etc for those who preferred outdoors. Nowadays, the most common hobbies are watching television, playing video games, interactive CD ROMs, movies, or even blogging.

Children spent most of their free time playing with or talking to their friends. The next most time consuming activity for kids is watching television. Reading and using the internet comes next. So, sedentary activities occupy much time from a kids’ daily schedule. Doing homework, playing games and musical instruments are matters on which kids spent the least time, every day. Gradually reading becomes a must for children to help perform at school. They slowly become interested in the world around them also.
Internet is used for fun and to aid studies.

Childhood is mostly spent indoors, with television, internet or video games. When children are permitted outdoors, it is specifically under the watch and ward of elders; whether it is for a dance or music session or a TT or swimming chance- any scheduled event only. This is mostly because, parents are more afraid of letting kids roaming in a world of heavy traffic and reports of pedophiles and missing children. “The boundary for most kids is the frontcourt yard. A lot of kids are under house arrest," says Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods, a book about how children have lost touch with nature.


Hobbies can be simply a pastime option or for stress relief. There are many who pursue their hobbies as their profession out of sustained passion or because of the confidence they gain in that over time from childhood.

Collectibles always formed a major hobby. This depends on the interest of the person. Many are fond of stamps, coins, small statues, dolls, pens, pencils, bangles, and so on. Some people collect even electronic equipments. However most of these items are of non perishable nature.

Gardening is another favourite hobby for many. A good lawn, colourful flowering plants and shade trees add to the beauty of our home as well. Some gardens are landscaped to include bird baths, ponds for fishes or swans, waterfalls, small streams and even a grotto.

Floral designs and flower arrangements: Growing cut-flowers, making bouquets and arranging in vases are becoming more and more popular. Flowers are natural mood enhancers. Very sight of colourful flowers placed ideally makes everyone happy, irrespective of age.

Pets form the most common pastime. It relieves boredom from loneliness for aged and gives a responsibility feeling to kids. The range varies wide from birds, fishes to dogs, cats, rabbits, ducks, swans and even horses and elephants…

Drawing and painting is the most common hobby among kindergarten children. Those who have a passion for colouring initially use so much of crayons, pastels and acrylic colours. Slowly they start using canvas and oil paints. Some of them go into fabric painting, glass painting etc…

Many children love working with their hands. They use clay to make various forms. The creative and passionate ones may later turn to sculpture or architecture. Dismantling of toys and trying to rearrange the broken parts together is a puzzle and hobby worth pursued by many intelligent fellows…even a ball of dough makes them happy!

Cooking is another hobby for many. Some of our great chefs are those youngsters who loved food and cooking, as boys and have grown up to pursue their hobby passionately as a profession. Catering is now a professional field and best suited for those who love cooking and experimenting in the kitchen.

Hosting parties or organizing events are utmost simple for some children. These are the born leaders with good planning and coordination skills. They take up voluntary activities for children’s programmes in their neighbourhood and school.

Home Décor: Decoration of interiors is a passionate hobby for those who can continuously work on the minor details. They enjoy arranging furniture and utensils, painting and colouring, use of suitable- matching or contrast curtains and upholstery, tools for enhancements and so on. Many start it first as a hobby expand to cover their friends and relatives and sometimes unknowingly, they gradually expand to become a professional…

Designing is another good pastime. Some take up tailoring or embroidery, designing dress for kids, ladies, teenagers and may even end up running a few boutiques. Some others take up jewellery design, making personalized cards for seasons and festive occasions, creative design of websites, and so on. All of these are good business as well.

Traveling and writing travelogues are favourite pastimes for the adventurous and active people. Some prefer to do it alone or with friends or family. Some are addicted drivers while others depend on public modes. They are always in need of something new…Some are good photographers also.

People who have real patience with children and adore them most are seen to run craft workshops or creativity sessions on weekends and summer camps. This helps improve holistic development of children and the enjoyment gained is beyond mention.

Origami-paper craft: Making of paper airplanes is a cherished activity. More than a hobby, it is a creative activity. This fun to do paper folding activities can help in skill development. Using old newspapers or colour papers, either as such or decorated with designs drawn by them and helping them use it by selves leaves kids proud of themselves. The efforts in making of boat, aero planes, kites and balls are very common.

Other most common hobbies are:

Literature- writing poems, songs, stories…
Theater arts- acting out various plays, stories…
Music- Vocal and instrumental…
Indoor games: board games like ludo, snake and ladder, chess, carom board,Chinese checkers, scrabble or monopoly.
Dancing- folk, cinematic, western, salsa, classical and so on…
Wood works
Ceramics
Pottery
Bird watching/Nature study
Graffiti
Candle making

If you're just starting a hobby, remember that it takes time to realize the benefits. Don’t start something which doesn’t appeal to you. Don’t select a hobby because it may be remunerative. Don’t settle on something because you have basic necessities readily available. Similarly, after finalizing on your hobby, work at it regularly; gradually you become more engaged. Over time, you find yourself getting more and more involved. If you stay with it, and make an effort to meet others who do the same thing, you'll eventually develop a passion for it.

THE MAGIC MANGO TREE

(Courtesy: Developed from the Outline in Bhavan’s English Course Book for Standard I, By Prism Publications)

Once upon a time, there lived three mango trees in the edge of a village. They were called Minni, Minnu and Monnu. They had fruits all round the year. They could also speak. So they became very popular as the magic mango trees. The birds built nest on the huge trees and squirrels ate mangoes with children who played under its shade every evening. The trees also joined the animals, birds and kids with funny faces and sounds…

One day, two wood cutters were going through the village in a horse cart. They were returning from the forest after having fixed the trees for next slumbering. Suddenly they saw Minnu, Minni and Monnu. They had not seen such huge trees of valuable timber for quite sometime. So they became very happy. They stopped the cart and jumped out. They went around the trees and assessed its girth and height. They were amazed. “Oh, we have won a lottery;” they exclaimed! Since the tree was on the outskirts of the village, they decided to cut down the same before someone else came to know about it. They parked the cart near the bushes and came down with their axe.

Minni, Minnu and Monnu sensed the danger. They got frightened. It was an isolated time. All kids are at school. Elders have gone for their own work. Birds have gone in search of food for their young ones. All animals have gone to the forest for their routine morning visits. “Alas, there isn’t anyone around to neither help us nor save us!!!” Monnu, the youngest became very gloomy. There were only some small animals nearby. They were helpless too. So they remained sad and silent.

Minni and Minnu decided to put up a brave front. They made faces and rolled their eyes and put out their tongue as the wood cutters approached them. Minnu also made loud noises. The wood cutters were surprised. So, they stood and stared at the trees for sometime and then at each other. They thought they were dreaming. “We have been cutting trees for years. Never had we had such an experience,” they thought. Slowly they regained their composure and decided to cut down the trees.

They started hitting on Minnu’s trunk. Tears rolled down her eyes and blood was oozing out of the injury…Now, the wood cutters were really taken aback. They suspected themselves to be in a haunted place…However, they were so greedy that they didn’t want to leave the trees either. So, they recouped their courage and started hitting with maximum force.

Now Minnu could not bear it any longer. She yelled at the pitch of her voice. “Dear friends, two strangers are trying to kill me. Please come and save us. Its paining very much…”Minni and Monnu also joined her in screaming and the sound became louder and louder…
Huge eagle, Kalaa, who lived on the tree, heard them from a distance. She flew at a rapid pace. On reaching the spot, she grasped the situation quickly with clarity. She came down at full speed and pecked at the men. They cried in pain. She kept on pecking until they dropped their weapons and made them run around.

Children heard these loud noises and they also came running to their playing area. They saw Kaala chasing two men. They saw the axes lying on the ground and blood oozing out from Minnu’s trunk. Soon, the boys joined Kaala in the game and chased the men into their carts and out of the village. Meantime the girls ran around and gathered materials to clean the wound and apply medicine. They tied it with a good band aid. The little ones hugged Minnu and showered all their love on her.

As Kalaa and the boys returned, all kids and animals formed a circle around the trees and started singing and dancing happily.

Finally, they stood in attention and took an oath: “Trees are God’s gift to man. They have life. It’s cruel to hurt them. They give us flowers, fruits, food, fuel and fibre. They help us breathe fresh air. They bring us rains. They also collect and store enough water underground. They are shelter to many small animals and birds. Uses of trees are many…We shall always protect them…” They jointly moved forward and hugged Minnu, Minni and Monnu to console them.

“LONG LIVE OUR TREES
LONG LIVE MOTHER NATURE…”

COMMON INTERACTIVE SITES FOR KIDS


Here are some of the most popular interactive websites for children. A good blend of colouring, drawing, stories, morals, games and quick learning techniques...kids seldom log off once they are permitted in...

http://www.dimdima.com/
http://www.chinmayakids.org/
http://www.chandamama.com/
http://www.manoramonline.com/ (childrens link)
http://www.disney.in/

For those of you who are interested in reading, purchase of books and educational materials, etc...
http://www.paicoindia.com/
http://www.dcbooks.com/
http://www.flipkart.com/
http://www.childrensbooktrust.com/
http://www.theyoungscientists.in/
http://www.brightsparks.in/
http://www.pcmmagazine.com/
http://www.acca-online.org/
http://www.igscscholarship.org/
http://www.vyaparinet.com/ (gurusishya exams)

Kids magazines are also numerous...These facilitate reading, no doubt...
http://www.childrenswebmagazine.com/
http://hsb.iitm.ac.in/~jm
www.allyoucanread.com/kids-magazine
http://www.kidmagwriters.com/
http://www.skippingstones.org/
http://www.weeonesmag.com/
http://www.timeforkids.com/

Some sites that can extend online home tuitions for you...
http://www.amritalearning.com/
http://www.planettutor.in/
http://www.tutorvista.com/
http://www.venustutorial.com
www.2tion.org
www.extramarks.com
www.e-tutor.com
www.allindiatutors.com


List will be updated as we come across others...

A PEEP INTO THE NATURAL WONDERS OF THE WORLD


The ecosystem of the world is full of natural wonders ranging from glaciers, mountains, and rivers to rainforests and steep gorges. Some of the most popular locations include the following.

The Sahara Desert
The Nile river
The rainbow bridge
Mount Fuji
Mount Everest
Dead sea
Machu pichu
Great wall of China
Victoria waterfalls.
Paricutin Volcano.
Grand Canyon
Great Barrier Reef.

Sahara is an Arabic word that means the greatest desert.
It is the world’s largest hot desert.
It covers most of Northern Africa.
Most of the Sahara consists of rocks, less of sand dunes.
Safsaf Oasis lies on the surface of Sahara.
The southern part has a savannah called Sahel.
Desert was formed by wind erosion and occasional rains, since 3000BC.

Nile River:
This is the longest river (6650km) in the world.
It flows through 10 countries in Africa- Egypt, Sudan, Tanzania, etc
Ultimate source comes from forests of Rwanda.
There are 3 common tributaries- White, Yellow and Blue Nile.
Water in White Nile contains suspended white clay particles, used for farming.
It was the lifeline of ancient Egyptian civilization.

Machu Pichu:
It is an important archaeological site in Peru, South America.
It is located in a saddle between huge mountains of 8000ft high.
It was an estate settlement of the Inca empire and used for defense.
Terraced fields, stone masonry walls without mortar are specific features.
There are 140 structures including temples, houses, sanctuaries, parks etc.
There are more than one hundred flights of stone steps–often completely carved from a single block of granite.
There are a great number of water fountains that are interconnected by channels and water-drains perforated in the rock.
The temple of the Sun and the room of three windows are the most famous structures on Machu Pichu mountains.

Rainbow Bridge:
This is a suspension bridge, 570m in length and crosses the Tokyo Bay, in Japan.
It carries car, trains and pedestrians.
Built in 1993, the pillars are white in color with lighting done with red, white and green every night using solar energy.

In US, there is an arch bridge, naturally carved by erosion. Its also called as the rainbow bridge.

Dead Sea:
It is a world famous salt lake between Israel and Jordan.
It has 9 times more salt than in sea water.
It is 400m below mean sea level.
More salt, so animals cannot live and hence the name.
It is 18km wide and 67m long at the Jordan Valley.
Salt from Dead Sea is used to make cosmetics and fertilizers.

Mount Fuji:
This is the highest mountain in Japan.
It has a symmetrical shape and is attractive.
It is one of Japan’s three Holy Mountains.
A strato-volcano which is part of a National Park, it is surrounded by five lakes.
The climate is very cold due to the altitude and the cone is covered by snow for several months of the year. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.0 °C
Though one lakh years old, it is currently classified as active with a low risk of eruption.
Today this is a common destination for mountain climbing.

Mount Everest:
This is also called Sagarmatha, meaning head of the sky.
It is part of the Himalayas and is situated in Nepal.
Height is about 9000m above MSL.
There are many climbing routes for mountaineers.
Edmund Hillary (New Zealand) and Tensing Norway (Nepal) were the first to climb in 1953.

Victoria Waterfalls:
This is the largest waterfalls in the world.
It is situated on Zambezi River in South Africa.
It is 1.7km wide and 108m height.
Created by flat plateaus.
It lies between two countries- Zambia and Zimbabwe.
It’s a tourist centre for adventure sports.
Waterfalls cut back at major gorges, at Devils Cataract or Leaping waters.
There is a naturally formed safe swimming pool called Devil’s Pool.

Great Wall of China:
It is along wall built and rebuilt in 5th and 16th century BC.
Length is 6400km.


Paricutin Volcano:
This is a volcano that began as a fissure in a farmer’s field in 1943.
The lava covered two villages and eruption ended in 1952.
Youngest volcano became unique because all stages seen from conception.
It has a height of up to 420m.

Great Barrier Reef:
Largest coral reef system in the world.
It is located in Coral Sea, Queensland, Australia.
It is made of tiny living organism called polyps.
Supports lot of endangered species.
It is a group of 3000 individual reefs and 300 islands.
It was formed 20000 years ago.
Tourists who love scuba diving can visit the reefs.

Grand Canyon
This refers to a rift formed by Colorado River in the state of Arizona, in Southwest USA.
It is more than 6 – 40million years old.
It is a colorful landscape formed by erosion through rain and snow.
This has exposed ancient rocks and complete rock profiles/columns that are more than 6000ft deep.
There are many caves in which people lived long ago.
Tourists can see the area from Lipan Point, Eagle Point, and Moran Point etc.
Camps, trains, helicopters, skywalks are all available…

CBM (Confidence Building Mechanisms) and KIDS

There are seven simple sayings that can have a profound impact on your child's life.

- Everything is possible.
- If you want to get something, give something.
- When you make a choice, you change the future.
- Don't say no--go with the flow.
- Every time you wish or want, you plant a seed.
- Enjoy the journey.
- You are here for a reason.

Raised with these insights, every child can obtain the success that comes from having the most valuable skills anyone can possess: the ability to love and have compassion, and the capacity to feel joy and spread it to others…

[Courtesy: Deepak Chopra,
Author of worldwide bestseller- Ageless Body, Timeless Mind and described as the Poet-prophet of alternative medicine by Time]

ALL ABOUT INDIA

This is a compilation of basic information for primary school children on our country, pinpointing the notable aspects only..

1. India is an Asian country.
2. India is a sub continent.

3. Earlier India was called “Bharat” after an ancient King Bharat in the epic Mahabharata. Later it was also known as Hindustan.

4. Neighbouring countries are Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Tibet, Bhutan, Myanmar (Burma), Bangladesh and SriLanka.

5. India is a peninsula.
6. Natural boundaries are Himalayas on the North, Indian Ocean on the South, Arabian Sea on the West and Bay of Bengal on the East.

7. Popularly known as the Golden Bird, our Motherland is a nation with “Unity in Diversity”.
8. India is a vast country. Extent of land area is 33 lakh square kilometers.
9. Among 194 countries in the world, India is 7th in land area and 2nd in population.
10. India has 28 states and 7 Union Territories.
11. India’s population is more than 1 million.

12. Indian capital is New Delhi.
13. Indian currency is Rupee.

14. India got her Independence on 15th August, 1947 from England. This day is celebrated as the Independence Day.

15. India is a secular socialist country, with Hindus accounting for more than 80% of the population and Muslims for 14%. Other sects are Christians, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists and Parsees.


16. Natural regions of India can be divided into four:

(i) Himalayas from Kashmir to Arunachal Pradesh, through Sikkim, North Bengal and parts of UP, with forests and tourism. The natural hilly regions of Kashmir, Nainital, Mussorie, Simla, Kulu, Manali, Darjeeling are all attractive tourist centres.

(ii) Indo Gangetic Plains extends from West Bengal to Punjab, through UP and Bihar. These are flat to rolling plains, with agriculture and minerals. The main rivers are Ganga, Brahmaputra and Indus. Forest, coral reefs; mangroves all make this area one of the fertile regions of the country.

(iii) Deccan Plateau between Eastern and Western Ghats and Vindhya and Satpura Mountain ranges. These are irregular mountains, uneven and rocky lands with hotter forest climate. There are many rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmada, and Tapti. This covers about 43% of our land area.

(iv) Coastal plains with fertile soil and predominant agriculture. The West is Malabar Coast and on the East is Coromandel Coast.

17. Based on rainfall, also India can be divided into four regions. They are:
(1) wet zone covering Meghalaya, Assam, West Bengal and Malabar ;
(2) Intermediate
(3) Dry zone covering Tamil Nadu and parts of Andhra Pradesh
(4) Deserts in Rajasthan and parts of Haryana.
Thar Desert in Rajasthan is the most dry land and Chirapunji in Orissa is the area with maximum rainfall.

18. Indian climate varies from Tropical Monsoon in the south to temperate in the North. Monsoon are of two types-the Northeast and South west.

19. Elevation ranges from zero at the Indian Ocean to 8598metres at Kanchenjunga, the highest point in India.


20. Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world; Taj Mahal, one of the Seven Wonders of the World and Nilgiri reserves, one of the World Biodiversity Hotspots are in India.

21. These land areas were divided on the language spoken by majority people in each part of the land.


22. National language is Hindi. English is the common associate language or link language. There are 18 other official languages. More than 800 languages are being used all over India.

23. India is also the largest democracy in the world. Indian Government is a Federal Democratic Republic. Head of the State is our Hon’ President, Smt. Prathiba Patil and Head of the Government is our Hon’ Prime Minister, Dr.Manmohan Singh.


24. Indian Legislature is called Parliament. It has an upper house called Rajya Sabha and a lower house called Lok Sabha.

25. Indian Judiciary has three main levels. The Supreme Court in the centre, High Courts in states and District courts. Chief Justice of India is…..

26. The Indian Executive system is also federal with a Central Government and Cabinet of Ministers and separate State Chief Ministers and Cabinet for every state. This is supported by qualified Civil Services.

27. Indian people have different complexions based on their habitations. Their culture and dress also vary from place to place.

28. Indian costume is very colorful. Each state has its own special costumes, but there are several styles common throughout the country. Women traditionally wear the sari with a stitched blouse, a long skirt called a ghaghra, or loose pants and a tunic known as a salwar khameez. But women today, especially in cities, may also wear western styles such as skirts or dresses, blouses, and pants. Men have their traditional costumes as well, generally called dhotis or pajamas, but most now wear a light shirt and pants just as in western countries.

29. Classical dance in India is thousands of years old. There are many kinds of dance, each with some form of religious background. Though different, they all convey meaning using every part of the body. Eyes, hands, legs, feet, and face come together in the dance and music to set a mood and tell a story.


30. Indian music can be divided into two main types: North Indian and South Indian (or Carnatic).
Both systems use voice and instruments. Indian music is based on combinations of melody and rhythm within musical structures called "ragas". Some of the most common Indian musical instruments are the Sarangi, Harmonium, Tabla, Flute, Veena, etc.

31. Modern face of India is changing everyday. Our major exports are textiles, spices, gems, jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, leather goods, etc. We import crude oil, petroleum, machinery, fertilizers etc.
32. Natural resources of India are coal, iron, mica, titanium, diamonds, limestone, natural gas etc.

33. The major Hindu festivals in India are Diwali, Ganesh Chaturti, Navaratri, Onam, Vishu, Pongal, Janmastami, Guru Poornima, Karwa Chauk, etc apart from harvest festivals and New Year openings.


34. The most common Christian festivals are Christmas, Good Friday, Easter and New Year.
35. Muslim festivals celebrated are Ramzan and Bakrid.

36. The major environmental concerns are deforestation; soil erosion; overgrazing; desertification; air pollution from industrial effluents and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage and runoff of agricultural pesticides; tap water is not potable throughout the country; huge and rapidly growing population is overstraining natural resources.

http://sadhguru.podomatic.com

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